Injury-specific correlates of combat-related traumatic brain injury in Operation Iraqi Freedom.
نویسندگان
چکیده
BACKGROUND The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) has increased during the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan compared with 20th century military conflicts. The aim of this study was to elucidate injury-specific correlates of combat-related TBI that have yet to be clearly defined. PARTICIPANTS Predominately Marine US service members who sustained brain injuries in Iraq between March 2004 and April 2008 identified from clinical records completed in the theater of combat operations (n = 2074). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Severity of TBI was classified as mild, moderate, or severe. Injury-specific factors, such as injury mechanism and type, were abstracted from the clinical records and were compared with severity of TBI. RESULTS Of all TBIs observed in the sample, 89% were mild. Higher severity of TBI was associated with an increased likelihood of sustaining the injury by gunshot and a lower likelihood of helmet use. Improvised explosive devices were associated with a preponderance of mild TBIs, and frequency of injuries in locations in addition to the head was highest among those with moderate and severe TBIs. Concomitant injuries to the spine/back were associated with blast injury mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS Most incidents of TBI occurring during Operation Iraqi Freedom are mild in severity and a result of blast mechanisms. Multiple injuries were common, particularly as severity of TBI increased. Further research is needed to determine effects of combat-related TBI on rehabilitative and adverse health outcomes.
منابع مشابه
Postdeployment symptom changes and traumatic brain injury and/or posttraumatic stress disorder in men.
In Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom, blast-related injuries associated with combat are frequent and can result in traumatic brain injury (TBI) symptoms that may be difficult to distinguish from psychological problems. Using data from the Post-Deployment Health Assessment and Reassessment, we identified 12,046 male U.S. Navy sailors and Marines with reported combat exposure...
متن کاملPrevalence and psychological correlates of traumatic brain injury in operation iraqi freedom.
OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence and psychological correlates of traumatic brain injury (TBI) among injured male combatants in the Iraq conflict. PARTICIPANTS A total of 781 men injured during military combat between September 2004 and February 2005. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Mental health diagnosis (ICD-9 290-319), particularly posttraumatic stress disorder and mood/anxiety disorders, assi...
متن کاملInpatient hospitalizations of U.S. military personnel medically evacuated from Iraq and Afghanistan with combat-related traumatic brain injury.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been called the signature wound of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). The aim of the present study was to describe and assess the incidence of inpatient hospitalizations of U.S. military personnel who were medically evacuated from OIF and OEF with combat-related TBI. Inpatient medical records from 2003 to 2008 were used to determ...
متن کاملNaval Health Research Center Prevalence and Psychological Correlates of Traumatic Brain Injury in Operation Iraqi Freedom
متن کامل
SPECIAL ISSUE Return to Baseline: Psychophysiological Treatment of Postconcussive Symptoms in Combat-Injured Soldiers With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Comorbid Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
The experience of providing self-regulating therapy to combat-injured infantry soldiers at Madigan Army Medical Center is rich in lessons and potential benefits. ‘‘Wounded Warriors’’ from Operation Iraqi Freedom/ Operation Enduring Freedom (OIF/OEF) deployments with prolonged somatic symptoms of chronic traumatic headache, disordered sleep, cognitive and affective deficits, and autonomic hypera...
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عنوان ژورنال:
- The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation
دوره 26 4 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2011